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The Severity of Injury is determined by Gmax and HIC Medical studies starting back in the 1960's and carrying on today have determined that a life threatening head injury is not likely if the Gmax value does not exceed 200 and the HIC value does not exceed 1000. For this reason, the maximum limits for impact absorption values in Standards have been set to these numbers. This does not mean that injuries will not occur at lower values. As a matter of fact severe concussions are believed to occur at Gmax values greater than 150. During the past decade there has been significant studies into the actual injuries that are the result of various HIC values. It is now possible to create damage using "crash test dummies" and then finding a repetition of the damage in real life. A survey of the medical records and injuries resulting from various values of HIC can be graphed. This risk of injury related to HIC value has been published in the 2004 revision of the ASTM F1292 Standard to help persons involved in playground surfacing to assess the performance they should demand from their suppliers. It is the responsibility of all owner/operators to never exceed the maximum Gmax and HIC values of 200 and 1000 from the height which a user is expected to impact the surface. Applying their due diligence, the owner/operator must determine the values that are acceptable whether it is a playground surface or football field. |
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